c) The newest eastern Jewish dialects display numerous has: best worry (1), change out-of [Theta] to a single (4), reinterpretation of verb category once the contour (5), and you can reflexive pronouns based on nos- (17). Speaking of areal features and that span the basic divide ranging from Halabja into one-hand and Koy Sanjaq and Azerbaijan towards almost every other. This is not obvious where dialect every one of them starts, however they are almost certainly borrowed from to your anybody else and not inherited in keeping.
Such about three major clusters out-of isoglosses portray just a small region of your own research which will be taken to sustain on taxonomy of your NENA languages. Hoberman (1988, 573), using facts away from pronouns, reveals the current presence of a northern Iraqi dialect class (here portrayed from the Zakho, Tisqopa, and you may Aradhin) and therefore cannot be recognized on the basis of the restricted research showed here. What is needed now’s each other heavier descriptions of your dialects already noted, so as that more widespread and determining services can be found, and just have field-work to help you checklist the many dialects which happen to be on the brink off extinction.
step one Thanks are due to those who shared investigation and advice, particularly Gene Gragg, Robert Hoberman, and you will Jo Rubba. Age.H. summer stipend.
Such, f and you may grams was hired for the terms such as for instance etrog ‘citron’ and you may sefer ‘scroll of law’, where throughout the passed on Aramaic language f would have become p and you may grams will have disappeared
step three Garbell (1964, 100-103) claims that the speakers of Jewish Azerbaiaic out of Kurdish. This lady top facts because of it ‘s the enunciation of Hebrew mortgage-conditions contained in this dialect. Hebrew loanwords when you look at the Jewish Azerbaijani preserve some songs which have been removed or merged with others from the prominent Neo-Aramaic code. Garbell says these retentions establish that these Hebrew terminology was borrowed originally during the Kurdish, hence a team of Kurdish audio system after managed to move on so you can Neo-Aramaic. It seems more likely that Hebrew aspects on the dialect failed to participate in the latest sound alterations in concern on account of the unique spiritual register to which it fall-in. They may have changed and then already been recovered to your foundation of one’s old-fashioned pronunciation regarding nearby teams.
4 A raised + demonstrates that the following word was pronounced for the suprasegmental ability ’emphasis’ that is discover to some degree in all NENA languages. Phonetically, focus was cutting-edge, but the no. 1 part are velarization, and it is will due to 
eight Regarding the dialect regarding Tyari [Theta] tend to gets s. So it dialect, which was spoken prior to 1915 in a region from Hakkari, is not chatted about here once the product inside it was lack of.
8 This is simply not obvious whether or not this type exists for the the latest Halabja dialect. My personal informants from that point understood they, but told you it had been a lot more feature of your own neighboring town of Suleimaniya. Whatever the case, it’s unfamiliar on dialect of one’s Jews away from Sanandaj.
nine Robert Hoberman means in my opinion the NENA variations can get currently have originated from an unattested metathesized e[Theta]peel ezdi.
Boyarin, Daniel. 1981. Inside Bono Homini Donum: Essays inside the Historical Linguistics into the Memory from J. Alexander Kerns, ed. Yoel L. Arbeitman and Allan Roentgen. Bomhard. Amsterdam Degree regarding the Theory and you will Reputation of Linguistic Research, series IV. Newest Facts within the Linguistic Theory 16. Area II, 613-forty-two. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
An inquiry for the Development of Center Aramaic Languages
Garbell, Irene. 1964. Flat Terms and conditions and you can Syllables inside Jewish East The brand new Aramaic out of Persian Azerbaijan while the Continguous Areas (A dilemma of Multilingualism). Into the Studies inside the Egyptology and you can Linguistics honoring H. J. Polotsky, ed. H. B. Rosen, 86-103. Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Area.